Means for excluding dampness from vaults.



No. 741,679. g UNITED STATES atentecl ctober 2 0, 1903 .r

PATENT OFFICE.

HERMANN L. KUBBERNUSS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

MEANS FOR EXCLUDING DAMPNESS FROM-VAULTS.

SPECIFICATION forming* part Of Letter Patent NO. 741,679, dated October 20, 1903.

Application iled May 27, 1903. Serial No. 158,976. (No model.)

To all whom. if may con/cern.-

Be it known that I, HERMANN L. KUBBER- NUSS, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at the city of St. Louis, State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Means for Excluding Dampness from Vaults, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to means for excluding dampness from vaults and also for preserving the regularity of temperature within same. A

In the drawings, Figure 1 representsa fragmentary cross-section of the covering for a vault. Fig. 2 shows such a covering iu place in a belfry. N

In the work of making vaults reproof it is customary to coat their walls on the inside with a plastic mass possessing fireproof qualities. This renders the walls of the vault lireproof. It may also be used to exclude cold from a vault or any other chamber, being less penetrative thereby than an ordinary wall, and may also be used in the construction of garrets or attics and would there prevent the entrance of low temperatures as well as moisture. In order that this layer of insulating material may be itself protected from moisture and change of temperatures, I propose to superimpose layers'above the one before mentioned. The first of these consists of waterproofing material and the second one of said layers is composed of clay mixed with straw,which on account of its absorbent qualities prevents the formation of pools of Water. Over this again may be placed another layer of Waterproofing material by which-the moisture is kept off from the outside of the clay layer,though preferably not,for reasons which will hereinafter appear. The coating or layer of waterproofing matter interposed between `the layer of insulating matter and the layer 5o drawings'as composed of a plaster composition having the wire-netting 4, with longitudinal iron rods 5 adjacent to same embedded in it. In Fig. 2 of this construction it is shown in position at the base of abelfry or cupola 6, attached to lthe roof 7 of a building. The framework of wire-netting 4 and rods 5 hav- `ing been first placed in position, the plaster Y iirep roofing com position 3 is li rst spread thereon on'both sides. Then several coats of adiadon or any other desired waterproofing material are spread thereon', forming waterproofing layer 2, and after that a layer of clay mixed with chopped straw is added, forming the absorbent layer 1. The roof S may be of any suitable construction. Any moisture Which penetrates through the roof 8 falls upon the straw-clay 1 and is immediately absorbed. To prevent its penetrating the fireproofing layer 3, the Waterproofing layer 2 is interposed between the layers l and 8. On account of the curved form of the absorbent layer 1 water cannot stand thereon, and in any event w-ill be absorbed thereby. As the water runs off the curve it is absorbed. As this absorbent material reaches to the side walls and somewhat downwardly the water is prevented from disintegrating and ruining the plaster on the walls, because it cannot get beyond the absorbent layer 1 on account of the interposition of the waterproof layer 2 between` the layer l and the ireproof-plaster layer 3, which latter may be continued downwardly vertically on the walls.

In addition to the advantages in the use of a construction of Vault-covering such as described above and enumerated may be mentioned the fact that if, for instance, the cupola 6 or similar construction is blown away, even with the protecting-roof 8, the water cannotpenetrate into the building, because the space is thoroughly covered by the layer construction above described.

It is obvious that the layers herenbefore described may each and al1 be duplicated so as to form more than one series of layers and that the order of said layers may be varied (possibly with some disadvantage) without departing from the nature and spirit of my invention.

Having thus described my said invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, ism

1. As a means for excluding moisture the matter; second n layer of waterproof matter; and third Ta layer of clay mixed with straw; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have afixed my sig- 5 combination of i plurality of layers, one connature, in presence of two witnesses, this 20th 15 sisting of insulating mattei' and the other of day of May, 1903. clay mixed with straw, substantially as described.

2. As n means for excluding dnmpness the 1o combination of, first, a layer of insulating HERMANN L. KUBBERNUSS.

Witnesses:

MAUD E. LEToi-IER, TERESA MURPHY. 

